The Lower Devonian Rhynie chert of Scotland contains a wealth of fossils of various types of microorganisms; however, the forms described so far represent only a fraction of the diversity that actually existed in the Rhynie ecosystem. Here I describe three different types of enigmatic structures in…

Dinoflagellates are one of the major components of modern plankton. Some of them produce a preservable organic-walled resting cyst, known as a dinocyst, which represents a direct link between the organism, its environment, and the sedimentary record. Dinocysts provide a unique window into key…

Fruit morphology and anatomy are critical for delimitation of tribes and genera within Juglandaceae. In this study, we re-examined the holotypes of Juglandicarya cantia E.Reid et M.Chandler 1933 from the Early Eocene London Clay flora of England and J. simplicarpa Manchester 1987 from the Middle…

In a complex tectonic setting, the Jurassic isolated outcrop of the Tuburnic area (Ghar Dimaou region, NW Tunisia) is considered to be the unique witness of Upper Jurassic successions from the Northern Tunisia-Algeria bordering area. The scarcity of seismic data and lack of direct datations along…

One specimen of Otodus auriculatus and three specimens of O. megalodon are added to the catalogue of skeletal material from megatooth sharks. Criticisms of the Lamnoidea hypothesis and reconstruction of Cretalamna sp. by Sternes et al. (2024) are responded to. Included is discussion of the validity…

The vertebrate fauna of the Late Triassic of Portugal has been poorly understood until recently, when new studies reported a rich environment shared by aquatic fauna, such as metoposaurids, mastodonsaurids, placodonts, phytosaurs and fishes. However, no fully non-aquatic vertebrates were known until…

Augusta (1947) described Moraverpeton remesi and Branchiosaurus sp. from the Zbýšov Horizon of the Padochov Formation (earliest Asselian, early Permian) at Zbýšov in the Boskovice Basin (Moravia, Czech Republic), and assigned them to the family Branchiosauridae. This original amphibian material is…

The Horseshoe Canyon Formation in southern Alberta, Canada, preserves abundant plant fossils from the upper Campanian to upper Maastrichtian. However, studies describing the macroflora are taxonomically out of date, and limited work has been done to utilise the flora for palaeoclimatic…

Dinopithecus ingens is a large, extinct ‘baboon-like’ cercopithecid defined by Broom in 1937 on the basis of a mandible and crushed partial skull from Schurweberg, Gauteng, South Africa (Plio-Pleistocene). The species remained poorly known for two decades until Freedman added a quantity of fossils…