Výskyt velkých šelem – rysa ostrovida (Lynx lynx), vlka obecného (Canis lupus) a medvěda hnědého (Ursus arctos) – a kočky divoké (Felis silvestris) v České republice a na západním Slovensku v letech 2012–2016 (Carnivora) [Occurrence of large carnivores – Lynx lynx, Canis lupus, and Ursus arctos – and of Felis silvestris in the Czech Republic and western Slovakia in 2012–2016 (Carnivora)]
| Pages | 93–107 |
|---|---|
| DOI | 10.2478/lynx-2017-0006 |
| Citation | KUTAL, Miroslav, KAFKA, Petr, TOMÁŠEK, Václav, FLOUSEK, Jiří, BENEŠ, Jiří, KUTALOVÁ, Leona, VÁŇA, Martin, BOJDA, Michal, KROJEROVÁ, Jarmila, POLEDNÍK, Lukáš, BUFKA, Luděk, MINÁRIKOVÁ, Tereza, VOLFOVÁ, Josefa, BELOTTI, Elisa a POLEDNÍKOVÁ, Kateřina. Výskyt velkých šelem – rysa ostrovida (Lynx lynx), vlka obecného (Canis lupus) a medvěda hnědého (Ursus arctos) – a kočky divoké (Felis silvestris) v České republice a na západním Slovensku v letech 2012–2016 (Carnivora) [Occurrence of large carnivores – Lynx lynx, Canis lupus, and Ursus arctos – and of Felis silvestris in the Czech Republic and western Slovakia in 2012–2016 (Carnivora)]. Lynx, new series. Prague: National Museum, 2017, 48(1), 93–107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/lynx-2017-0006. ISSN 0024-7774 (print), 1804-6460 (online). Also available from: https://publikace.nm.cz/en/periodicals/lns/48-1/vyskyt-velkych-selem-rysa-ostrovida-lynx-lynx-vlka-obecneho-canis-lupus-a-medveda-hnedeho-ursus-arctos-a-kocky-divoke-felis-silvestris-v-ceske-republice-a-na-zapadnim-slovensku-v-letech-20122016-carnivora-occurrence-of-large-carnivores-lynx-lynx-canis-lupus-and-ursus-arctos-and-of-felis-silvestris-in-the-czech-republic-and-western-slovakia-in-20122016-carnivora |
In the last decades, large carnivores – the grey wolf (Canis lupus), Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) and brown bear (Ursus arctos), and to a certain extent also the wildcat (Felis silvestris) – have increased their distribution ranges throughout Europe. Monitoring of their current distribution and population trends in the Czech Republic is crucial for the effective conservation and elimination of possible conflicts with humans in the future. In the last years, many projects focused on small-scale monitoring of large carnivores were implemented in the Czech Republic and the neighbouring mountain ranges of Slovakia. Using their results, we compiled the dataset from different regions and analysed the recent distribution of large carnivores and the wildcat. The distribution maps are based on verified data on the presence and reproduction in 2012–2016. This is consistent with the standardized methodology used across Europe. The Eurasian lynx was the most widespread of all large carnivore species in the Czech Republic, with the two trans-boundary populations (Carpathian and Bohemian-Bavarian-Austrian) occupying 94 out of 868 squares (10.8%) of the mapping grid of the Czech Republic. Reproduction was confirmed in 46.8% of the occupied squares. The grey wolf occupied 6.8% of the squares in the Czech Republic and its reproduction was confirmed in 10.2% of the occupied squares. Three reproducing packs belonging to the Central European lowland population were confirmed and the area occupied by the species increased three times within the study period. The brown bear occupied 2.8% of the squares of the Czech Republic – the area is restricted to the Carpathians – with no signs of reproduction; its distribution fluctuated heavily during the study period. The wildcat occupied the smallest range of the Czech Republic among the studied species (1.4% of the squares) but its reproduction was confirmed in a trans-boundary area (White Carpathians) at the Slovakian side of the border. The wildcat also significantly increased its range from one to six squares during the study period.
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