Czech Press in the 19th and Beginning of the 20th Centuries: Stages of Development
| Pages | 11-18 |
|---|---|
| Citation | SEKERA, Martin. Czech Press in the 19th and Beginning of the 20th Centuries: Stages of Development. Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae – Historia litterarum. Prague: National Museum, 2008, 53(1-4), 11-18. ISSN 0036-5351. Also available from: https://publikace.nm.cz/en/periodicals/acta-musei-nationalis-pragae-historia-litterarum/53-1-4/czech-press-in-the-19th-and-beginning-of-the-20th-centuries-stages-of-development |
The article describes the era, in which Czech-written periodical press was established in its continuity, and its division into periods. Traditionally, stages of media development are described in terms of political events. It is acceptable in case of the 20th century, in which major changes of political regimes took place and their impact on the organization of the press was very strong. 19th century journalism is much more influenced by cultural, social, technological and other criteria. Traditional stages are: 1780s – 1848, 1860s – 1914, 1914 – 1918. The new periodization model puts the end of the „long 19th century“ forward and respects the influence of 19th century stages on developments in the 20th century. For reasons of this, the model is organized retrospectively. It characterizes the stages in terms of media importance in the society. Each stage characterization comprises the description of concomitant circumstances. Division into three parts respects general trends in the society’s modernization process in the 19th century: transition from serfdom to citizenship, from absolutism to constitutionalism and from traditional to modern industrial society. The model marks off the following stages: I. First half of the 1890s – first half of the 1920s: process of society´s differentiation II. 1840s – beginning of the 1890s: process of wide public collectivization III. 1780s – 1840s: activization process of national and cultural education.
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