A review of the early Miocene mastixioid flora of the Kristina Mine at Hrádek nad Nisou in North Bohemia (Czech Republic)

Pages

53-118

Citation

HOLÝ, František, KVAČEK, Zlatko a TEODORIDIS, Vasilis. A review of the early Miocene mastixioid flora of the Kristina Mine at Hrádek nad Nisou in North Bohemia (Czech Republic). Fossil Imprint / Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae, Series B – Historia Naturalis. Prague: National Museum, 2012, 68(3-4), 53-118. ISSN 2533-4050 (tisk), 2533-4069 (online). Also available from: https://publikace.nm.cz/en/periodicals/fiamnpsbhn/68-3-4/a-review-of-the-early-miocene-mastixioid-flora-of-the-kristina-mine-at-hradek-nad-nisou-in-north-bohemia-czech-republic

Fossil Imprint / Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae, Series B – Historia Naturalis | 2012/68/3-4

Abstract. A detailed survey is presented of the early Miocene flora of the abandoned Kristina Mine at Hrádek nad Nisou in the Hrádek part of the Zittau Basin, North Bohemia. It is based on leaf morphological and anatomical study of macrofossils recovered since 1963 with additional information on carpological records. The flora belongs to the Younger Mastixioid Floras sensu Mai (1964) and is correlated with the early Miocene floristic assemblage (“Florenkomplex”) of ichelskopf–Wiesa (Mai 1995), i.e., the floristic zone VI in Saxony sensu Mai (1967). It includes in the foliage record representatives of ferns (Thelypteridaceae, Polypodiales fam. inc.), conifers (Pinaceae, Cupressaceae, Geinitziaceae) and angiosperms (prevailingly Lauraceae, Fagaceae, rarely Hamamelidaceae, Myricaceae, Juglandaceae, Leguminosae (including Leguminosites hradekensis (E. KNOBLOCH et KVAČEK) KVAČEK et TEODORIDIS comb. n.), Oleaceae and uncertain families). The carpological record adds, in addition to the above families, representatives of Magnoliaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Schisandraceae (incl. Illiciaceae), Menispermaceae, Cornaceae, Lythraceae (incl. Microdiptera donata (HOLÝ) KVAČEK et TEODORIDIS comb. n.), Halorhagaceae, Altingiaceae, Ulmaceae, Rosaceae, Ericaceae, Symplocaceae, Styracaceae, Rutaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Staphyleaceae, Vitaceae, Sabiaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Potamogetonaceae, Arecaceae, Cyperaceae, Stemonaceae and Sparganiaceae. An informal term “plexus” is attached to names of fossil species whose parts have not yet been found in organic connection. Vegetation is classified as broad–leaved evergreen forest type according to the new statistical method developed for zonal forest formations (IPR vegetation analysis). Palaeoenvironmental and climatic proxy data based on angiosperm leaf record using a combination of the physiognomic (CLAMP, LMA) and Nearest Living Relatives (CA) techniques are, according to CLAMP estimates – MAT 14.2 ˚C, WMMT 24.0 ˚C, CMMT 6.2 ˚C, 3–WET 131.7 cm, 3–DRY 20.0 cm, GROWSEAS 10.3 month, GSP 203.1 cm, MMGSP 9.9 cm, RH 54.5 %, SH 5.5 g/kg, and ENTHAL 29.9 kJ/kg; LMA estimates – MAT1 is 21.1 ˚C (sensu Wolfe 1979) and MAT2 is 18.7 ˚C (sensu Su et al. 2010), and value of the sampling error sensu Miller et al. (2006) is 3.1 ˚C; CA proxy data intervals: MAT 17–18˚C, WMT 26.5–26.9 ˚C, CMT 9.6–12.6 ˚C, and MAP 1146–1146 mm. The obtained climate proxy datasets correspond more or less with those of stratigraphically analogous sites from Wackersdorf, Wiesa and Berzdorf in Germany as well as the summarised proxy datasets of the Mydlovary Fm. in South Bohemia.

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